Tuesday, October 4, 2016

The Laws of Physics in an Animation Universe

Animated films are where our strict adherance to science and physics can be allowed to stretch and imagination takes priority. This freedom to suspend our knowledge and perception of the realistc is often neccessary to create and provide entertainment and more than an extra dose of amazement. This is especially true in Dreamworks Animation's Kung Fu Panda, where we remember how we fell in love with Kung Fu as children. Not the realistic Kung Fu we know of as a martial art that is only about as powerful and exciting as our own pathetic human bodies are; this is the Kung Fu of anybody's most epic fantasies, and that means warriors are flying from rooftops to cliffs, punching boulders and mountainsides into pieces, and demonstrating physical coordination that bring circus tricks and magicians to shame. This is the Kung Fu where everything and everyone is light, fast, powerful, and hopefully without any wires visibly seen swinging characters across the screen!


But do these characters truly stretch beyond the laws of physics through Kung Fu? And just how far can Kung Fu take these characters? While there is a journey of levels from the physical plane to the spiritual, the practices of physics in this film can be highly debatable. Surely the characters are demonstrating physical abilities very unrealistic in the real world, but even in the context of the film, it's debatable whether their abilities are feats of "big muscles", or abilities we can actually call "super powers", the kind truly beyond the stuff of physics.

The film takes place in a fictionalized and fantastical version of Ancient China, and its denizens are all anthropomorhic animals. However, it's not the lack of human presence that is the major source of suspended logic. Especially since the characters confirm their awareness of their own species; a tigress, a monkey, and Po, the titular giant panda. In fact, there is enough practicality of their self-awareness that they incorporate their animal physiology into their fighting styles: usage of tails, wings and claws as weapons. But borrowing elements from real life Chinese philosophy, the film also displays supernatural and spiritual elements, and much of the grandeur of this universe is the relationship and distinction between the spiritual and their version of the physical, and how its characters interact between each.



When we think to ourselves the image of fighting and martial arts combat in the most exciting and adventurous way we can imagine, with enough likelihood, we imagine feats of superhuman ability. We imagine breaking and destroying solid objects far beyond any existing muscle's ability to even crack, lifting objects dozens of times heavier and larger than the lifter, jumping great distances, from the ground to the rooftop of a temple, and running up walls and cliffs. In Kung Fu Panda, such feats are apparently possible with Kung Fu, as many characters are seen demonstrating superhuman strength. In an early training scene, the heroic Furious Five train with Po, showing that the Kung Fu masters as small as a red panda, a viper snake, and even a praying mantis, each as small as their real life counterparts, are capable of lifting and flipping the titular giant panda with ease. The praying mantis even, later in the film, holds an entire rope bridge as several characters are fighting on it. And probably the biggest display of a character's power comes from the main antagonist, as he is seen escaping a heavily secured prison in a mountain, running up miles of walls, battling through armies, and jumping from boulders to stalactites as they fall from the ceiling.



However, these instances of questionable physics can be rather debatable, as it is arguable that the attention to realistic solid mass and gravity in this film is actually rather convincing for the most part. The laws of physics around the characters remain mostly intact and consistent relative to real life, but instead, perhaps the real stretch in physics lies in the unrealistic muscle power of the main characters. e.g. The gravity is not weak nor changing, but the character is just strong enough to jump that high into the air.

But like any complete display of Kung Fu, there is more than just a vulgar demonstration of body and muscle, as any martial art has a strong discipline in precision, coordination, and equilibrium. And in this film, the characters also take these to questionable limits in the way they interact with the physics around them. The deuteragonist and small red panda, Master Shifu, can be seen effortlessly balancing himself while standing at the top of a bamboo stick that's not attached to the ground; something that's likely possible but far less likely with his instant balance adaptation. He is also seen blowing out an entire room of lit candles with a single wave of his hand, which may or may not be a calculable result of any sort of hand technique, even on a superhuman level.



The glorious demonstrations of Kung Fu continue to evolve and reveal more capabilities, from exaggerations of simple concepts of strength, to more extraordinary techniques and interactions with surrounding physics, to being so extremely unlikely, it is borderline magical. In one early scene, as Master Oogway and Po converse under a peach tree, the friendly Oogway lightly taps the tree with his walking cane, causing a peach to fall right into Po's hand. This is clearly a demonstration of his ability, being so coordinate and precise that he is apparently able to using indirect interaction with extremely limited physical contact of any kind to produce a highly improbable, yet very specifically designed, result. Even Master Shifu later demonstrates unrealistic control of his surroundings to accomplish something precise and extremely unlikely to succeed. With a swing of his hand and spins of a cane, Shifu waves a collection of flower pedals high into the air, allowing one pedal to land on a scroll suspended on a temple ceiling, adding just enough weight to tilt it and slide it down from its high resting place. It would appear that Kung Fu can do that kind of thing.



In addition to the exaggerated uses of Kung Fu, and its assumptions of allowable physics, this film also incorporates elements of Chinese mythology, mysticism, spirituality, divinity, philosophy and predeterminism. There is evidence of supernatural elements existing in this universe, some more faith-based and controversial, and at least a few very explicit. The entire plot of the film was set off by Master Oogway's vision of the main antagonist's coming, which turns out to be accurate, and his belief in his favorite proverb, "there are no accidents". Firmly believing that some things were always meant to happen, Oogway thoroughly embraces Po's accidental and unwelcome introduction as part of his journey to become the Dragon Warrior. And indeed, Po does become this anticipated hero that was spoken of, but not without being propelled by physical assistance from other characters. In fact, much of the legend of the Dragon Warrior is left for interpretation and belief rather than explicit divine will and design, and the resolution of the film a result of destiny or physical intervention.



But the characters actually do demonstrate spiritual powers that defy the laws of physics. Master Oogway passes on to the afterlife and ascends to Nirvana by literally disappearing in the midst of floating flower pedals. And Po defeats the main antagonist after a long fight by using the "Wuxi Finger Hold", which is explained to send the opponent directly to the afterlife in the spirit realm.

The context of the film appears to describe and demonstrate that Kung Fu is the ability to go beyond physics, from the more realistic limited stage, to a stage that's beyond physics altogether. In the film, Kung Fu is described to be the unraveling of the mysteries of harmony and focus. It starts with the complete mastery of one's own body and mind, which accesses a level of strength, coordination, and balance as far as physics might allow. It then ascends to control, interaction and relationship with the world and one's own surroundings, allowing them to actually control the physics around them to accomplish likely impossible feats. And finally, it allows access to spiritual abilities and properties, with the highest possible level appearing to be dying in complete peace and ascending to a spiritual plane of existence.

But as long as the characters remain beneath the clouds of Nirvana, can Kung Fu truly allow them to break the laws of physics? For the most part, the laws of physics in Kung Fu Panda are actually realistic and consistent, despite the characters constantly challenging the gravity of their limits and accomplishing things beyond what any animal body can do. So even with the laws of physics in this film real enough for audiences to step on, in this film, it won't stop the characters from accomplishing superhuman feats, because in this movie, Kung Fu is just too AWESOME for real world limitations!


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